Chronic (long-lasting) pain affects more than 50 million adults in the U.S., according to the CDC, and chronic pain is more prevalent and intense amongst veterans than Americans generally. The Veterans’ Administration and Department of Defense (DoD) have widely used Battlefield Acupuncture (BFA), an auricular protocol developed by General Richard Niemtzow for pain relief that initially gained traction at Walter Reed Army Medical Center during the Iran and Afghanistan wars, and have since trained more than 4,600 healthcare providers to deliver the therapy. Professor Howard, who serves as a primary BFA trainer for licensed acupuncturists, will provide an update on the current use of BFA. In 2014, Howard served as the vice president of the 8th International Symposium of Auriculotherapy in the United States. He is currently conducting studies on the use of auriculotherapy in distance runners to enhance performance; some of the men on team USA who won the world 100k gold medal in the Netherlands in 2011 used his protocol as part of their program.